Agriculture - Sustainable land management

Land degradation threatens food security and the sustainability of agricultural production in many developing countries. In response, government and development agencies have invested substantial resources in promoting sustainable land management technologies (SLMTs). In spite of the great efforts to promote bunds, SLMTs have not been widely adopted by smallholders in many developing countries.

tanzania | Agriculture The impact of fertilizer subsidy on cereal crops production and Land conservation in Tanzania One of the policy measures adopted in the recent past by the government of Tanzania during the implementation of the Agricultural Sector Development Program and the Kilimo Kwanza Strategy is a subsidy to fertilizer and other agricultural inputs through the Voucher system

ethiopia | Agriculture Policy design Assessing the Functioning of Land Rental Markets in Ethiopia Although a large theoretical literature discusses the possible inefficiency of sharecropping contracts, empirical evidence on this phenomenon has been ambiguous at best. Household‐level fixed‐effect estimates from about 8,500 plots operated by households that own and sharecrop land in the Ethiopian highlands provide support for the hypothesis of Marshallian inefficiency. Klaus Deininger, Daniel Ayalew Ali and Tekie Alemu, 2008, "Assessing the Functioning of Land Rental Markets in Ethiopia", Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 57(1), pp. 67-100.

ethiopia | Agriculture Impact of Perennial Cash Cropping on Food Crop Production and Productivity The argument for promoting cash crops in developing countries has generally been based on their contribution to small farmer incomes and their impact on other household activities such as household crop production through interlinked markets. Debela, A.T., 2010, "Impact of Perennial Cash Cropping on Food Crop Production and Productivity", Ethiopian Journal of Economics, 18(1).

ethiopia | Agriculture Forestry Policy design Private Trees as Household Assets and Determinants of Tree-Growing Behavior in Rural Ethiopia This study looked into tree-growing behavior of rural households in Ethiopia. With data collected at household and parcel levels from the four major regions of Ethiopia, we analyzed the decision to grow trees and the number of trees grown, using such econometric strategies as a zero-inflated negative binomial model, Heckman’s two-step procedure, and panel data techniques. Mekonnen Alemu and Damte Abebe, 2011, “Private Trees as Household Assets and Determinants of Tree-Growing Behavior in Rural Ethiopia”. Environment for Development Discussion Paper Series, EfD DP 11-14.

Agriculture Forestry Policy design Environmental Valuation course draws participants from around world 21 researchers and PhD students from across the globe currently attend the course Environmental Valuation that is held at School of Business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg in Sweden 7 November – 9 December. A vivid interest in natural resources and environmental issues made them come from China, Costa Rica, Ethiopia, Kenya, South Africa, Sweden, Tanzania, Uruguay and Vietnam.

central america rff usa | Agriculture Policy design Does Ecocertification Have Environmental Benefits? Organic Coffee in Colombia Eco-certification of coffee, timber, and other high-value agricultural commodities is increasingly widespread. In principle, it can improve commodity producers’ environmental performance, even in countries where state regulation is weak. However, evidence needed to evaluate this hypothesis is virtually nonexistent. To help fill this gap, we use detailed farm-level data to analyze the environmental impacts of organic coffee certification in southeast Colombia. M. Ibañez and A. Blackman. 2011. "Does Ecocertification Have Environmental Benefits? Organic Coffee in Colombia." Working Paper. Resources for the Future: Washington, DC.

central america rff usa | Agriculture Forestry Policy design Producer-level Benefits of Sustainability Certification Initiatives certifying that producers of goods and services adhere to defined environmental and social-welfare production standards are increasingly popular. According to proponents, these initiatives create financial incentives for producers to improve their environmental, social, and economic performance. We reviewed the evidence on whether these initiatives have such benefits. A. Blackman and J. Rivera. In Press. "Producer-level Benefits of Sustainability Certification." Forthcoming in Conservation Biology.

ethiopia | Agriculture Policy design Findings on sustainable agricultural practices presented at EEPFE Research seminar on the ''Interdependence in farmer technology adoption decisions in smallholder systems: Joint estimation of investments in sustainable agricultural practices (SAPs) in Rural Tanzania'' was presented by Dr. Menale Kassie in Addis Ababa University on November 14, 2011.

central america | Agriculture The Motivation for Organic Grain Farming in the United States: Profits, Lifestyle, or the Environment? Organic grain producers exhibited a diversity of motivations, including profit and stewardship. Hanawa Peterson, H., Barkley, A., Chacón-Cascante, A. and Kastens, T. “The Motivation for Organic Grain Farming in the United States: Profits, Lifestyle, or the Environment?” Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics. Forthcoming.

ethiopia | Agriculture Policy design Importance of Irrigated Agriculture to the Ethiopian Economy: Capturing the direct net benefits of irrigation Irrigation development has been identified as an important tool to stimulate economic growth and rural development, and is considered as a cornerstone of food security and poverty reduction in Ethiopia. While a lot of effort is being exerted towards irrigation development, little attempt is being made to quantify the contribution of irrigation to national income. This study is an attempt in that direction by quantifying the actual and expected contribution of irrigation to the Ethiopian national economy for the 2005/2006 and 2009/2010 cropping seasons using the adjusted net gross margin analysis. Hagos, Fitsum, Godswill Makombe, Regassa Namara, and Seleshi Awulachew, 2008, "Importance of Irrigated Agriculture to the Ethiopian Economy: Capturing the direct net benefits of irrigation", Research Report, 128, International Water Management Institute.

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